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This page is an AI-assisted Turkish summary of the study presented at the 26th World Congress of Psychiatry. The study belongs to the presenting authors; please refer to the original source when citing it.

SO368

Comparison of 3-month and 1-month paliperidone palmitate with oral antipsychotics in terms of relapse rates, clinical effectiveness, and safety in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia: a multicenter prospective cohort study

COMPARISON OF RELAPSE RATES, CLINICAL EFFICACY, AND SAFETY OF PALIPERIDONE PALMITATE 3-MONTH, 1-MONTH AND ORAL ANTIPSYCHOTICS IN COMMUNITY-BASED SCHIZOPHRENIA PATIENTS: A MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Over 48 weeks of follow-up, relapse rates did not differ significantly among the three treatment groups; however, long-acting injectables were superior to oral antipsychotics in treatment adherence, while 3-month paliperidone palmitate was superior to the other treatments in patient satisfaction.

The aim was to compare the effects of 3-month paliperidone palmitate (PP3M), 1-month paliperidone palmitate (PP1M), and oral antipsychotics (OAP) on relapse, effectiveness, and safety in community-dwelling patients with schizophrenia. This 48-week, multicenter, prospective cohort study, conducted in 14 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province, China, enrolled 1,424 patients with schizophrenia; sample sizes at the follow-up time points were 1,424 at baseline, 1,389 at week 12, 1,315 at week 24, 1,286 at week 36, and 1,254 at week 48. The primary outcome was the 48-week relapse rate estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method; secondary outcomes were symptom severity, social functioning, treatment satisfaction, quality of life, treatment adherence, family burden, and adverse event frequency. Analyses used generalized linear mixed-effects models, Scheffé adjustment for multiple comparisons, and propensity score–based inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). At week 48, the overall relapse rate was 4.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7 to 6.0); rates were 5.8% (95% CI, 4.0 to 7.6) in the OAP group, 3.5% (95% CI, 1.7 to 5.2) in the PP1M group, and 4.9% (95% CI, 2.4 to 7.4) in the PP3M group, with no significant between-group difference (p=0.235). From baseline to week 48, the PANSS score decreased from 50.14 (17.45) to 44.54 (14.77) (change, -5.02; 95% CI, -5.75 to -4.30; p<0.001), the PSP score increased from 70.28 (15.16) to 74.06 (13.30) (change, 4.24; 95% CI, 3.41 to 5.06; p<0.001), and the TSQM-II score increased from 5.24 (0.70) to 5.44 (0.64) (change, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.26; p<0.001). Multiple comparisons showed that PP1M and PP3M were superior to OAP in treatment adherence (p=0.032), while PP3M performed better in overall treatment satisfaction (p=0.007) and TSQM-II global satisfaction (p=0.041); adverse event frequency was similar across groups, and pre-imputation, completer, and IPTW-GLMM sensitivity analyses were fully consistent. In conclusion, PP1M and PP3M are viable options for community-based schizophrenia treatment; under real-world conditions, long-acting injectables provide relapse prevention, safety, and functional improvement comparable to OAP while improving adherence, with PP3M offering the highest patient satisfaction.

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