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EV0971

Design and validation of an instrument assessing social norms regarding child-to-parent violence among Spanish adolescents: preliminary analyses

DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF AN INSTRUMENT FOR ASSESSING SOCIAL NORMS ABOUT CHILD-TO-PARENT VIOLENCE IN SPANISH ADOLESCENTS: PRELIMINARY ANALYSES

The Child-to-Parent Violence Social Norms Scale demonstrated adequate psychometric properties in preliminary analyses, but the Financial and Control/Space dimensions require refinement.

The study aimed to design and validate an instrument assessing social norms regarding child-to-parent violence and to examine its factor structure, reliability, discriminant and convergent validity, and invariance across gender and age. The sample comprised 465 adolescents aged 13–17 from various regions of Spain who regularly lived with their parents (43.7% boys, 56.3% girls; mean age 15.21, standard deviation (SD) 1.46); data were collected through Google Forms using snowball sampling, with informed consent (ethics approval ref. 20250122/FEB.PRY). The instrument used was the 19-item adolescent version of the Child-to-Parent Violence Social Norms Scale, which assesses whether different violent behaviors toward parents are considered abuse on a 5-point Likert scale (0 = it is abuse if it happens once, 4 = I do not consider it abuse). The four-factor model showed good fit: χ² = 143.258 (p < 0.001), df = 58, CFI = 0.995, TLI = 0.993, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.072; standardized loadings were strong across the Psychological, Physical, Financial, and Control/Space factors. In the reliability and validity table, composite reliability (CR) and average variance extracted (AVE) values were 0.668 and 0.898 for Psychological, 0.899 and 0.884 for Physical, 0.572 and 0.468 for Financial, and 0.684 and 0.388 for Control/Space, respectively; while the Physical factor demonstrated robust psychometric properties, the Financial and Control/Space scales did not show adequate convergent and discriminant validity and were considered to overlap conceptually. The negative and nonsignificant loading of item NS5 on the Psychological factor, together with its strong loading on the Control/Space factor, suggests a potential cross-loading issue; measurement invariance across gender and age was fully supported in all nested models. The authors report that the instrument may be useful for assessing adolescents' social norms regarding this type of violence, but that the latter two factors need refinement before it is used in practice.

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