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EV0561

Chronic loneliness: the intersection of demographic characteristics and sexual and gender minority status

THE INTERSECTION OF CHRONIC LONELINESS, DEMOGRAPHICS AND SEXUAL AND GENDER MINORITY STATUS

Poor mental health, a history of depression, and inability to work are the factors most strongly associated with chronic loneliness; sexual and gender minority status appears to be a significant factor that compounds this burden.

The study aimed to assess and quantify the principal clinical, occupational, and sociodemographic predictors of loneliness at different severity levels. Data were drawn from the 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), with self-reported loneliness as the dependent variable, classified into five severity levels (always, usually, sometimes, rarely, never). The independent variables were mental health (MENTHLTH), a history of depression (ADDEPEV3), employment status, demographic characteristics, and sexual and gender minority (SGM) status. The cross-sectional analysis was conducted using Python and Jamovi, and associations between predictors and loneliness categories were visualized using a Pearson correlation matrix. A history of depression and poor mental health showed the strongest associations with the highest severity of loneliness (r=0.23 and r=0.22, respectively, for the always category). Inability to work, poor general health, and poor physical health consistently increased the likelihood of severe loneliness (r=0.12 for the always category). Sexual and gender minority status was significantly correlated with chronic loneliness (r=0.08 for the usually category) and reduced the likelihood of never feeling lonely (r=-0.09). As protective factors, being married (r=0.20), having an income above $100,000 (r=0.12), and being a university graduate (r=0.12) were strongly correlated with never experiencing loneliness. Although the cross-sectional design precludes causal inference, the authors recommend culturally inclusive environments, expanded access to mental health counseling via telemedicine, and vocational support programs for individuals who are unable to work.

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