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EV0545

Psychiatric emergencies: analysis and trends in 112 calls among children and adults in Castilla y León, a comparison before and after COVID-19 (2018 to 2022)

PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCIES: ANALYSIS OF 112 CALLS AND TRENDS AMONG CHILDREN AND ADULTS IN CASTILLA Y LEÓN, A PRE- AND POST-COVID-19 COMPARISON (2018–2022)

Psychiatric emergency calls increased by 8% after the pandemic, while the main burden shifted toward children and adolescents; the proportion of pediatric calls rose from 5.6% to 7.5% (RR 1.42).

The aim of the study was to examine psychiatric calls to the 112 emergency hotline in Spain's Castilla y León region between 2018 and 2022, assessing trends before and after COVID-19, age and sex differences, methods of self-harm, mortality, and variation across provinces. In this retrospective observational study, all psychiatric 112 calls were classified by ICD diagnosis, age (under 18 years and 18 years or older), sex, and method of self-harm; rates per 100,000 population, relative risks (RR), and changes over the 2018–2020 and 2020–2022 periods were calculated; chi-square tests and tests of proportions were used for statistical comparisons. Emergency calls increased by 8% after the pandemic; the proportion of pediatric calls rose from 5.6% to 7.5% (RR 1.42; 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.78; p approximately 0.003). Mortality remained low at 0.29%, indicating a pattern predominantly characterized by low-lethality self-harm and cutting behaviors. Agitation and aggression became predominant in pediatric emergencies, accounting for more than two-thirds of cases and reaching twice the proportion seen in adults. Sedatives remained the primary method because of their availability at home; marked differences emerged across provinces, with sedative-related attempts declining in most provinces (particularly León and Valladolid), while Burgos showed a 75% increase in risk (RR 1.75). The authors suggest that this heterogeneity may be associated with local prescribing patterns and access to psychotropic medications, that the rise in self-harm calls highlights the 112 system's role as a safety net, and that regional differences call for targeted prevention and specialized pediatric crisis teams.

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