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EV0282

Family history of depression is more strongly associated with anxiety than sex among adolescents in rural Mexico

FAMILY HISTORY OF DEPRESSION IS MORE STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH ANXIETY THAN GENDER IN ADOLESCENTS FROM RURAL MEXICO

More than one in four adolescents in rural Mexico had clinically significant anxiety, and family history of depression emerged as a stronger independent predictor than female sex in the adjusted model.

The aim was to estimate the prevalence of clinically significant anxiety among adolescents in the rural San Luis Potosí region of Mexico and identify independent sociodemographic and family-related predictors. This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the MAP/PSI (Primary Care and Psychiatry Model) project; adolescents with complete GAD-7 assessments were included, clinically significant anxiety was defined as a GAD-7 score of 10 or higher, group differences were examined, and independent predictors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Among the 767 adolescents included in the analysis, the mean age was 16.7 ± 1.6 years; 456 (59.8%) were female; 439 (65.8%) had a female primary caregiver; the mean caregiver age was 43.61 ± 7.68 years; 196 (27.6%) had a family history of depression; and 204 (26.6%) had clinically significant anxiety. Female participants had higher GAD-7 scores across all symptom domains and a higher prevalence of clinically significant anxiety (p<0.001); the mean GAD-7 score was 7.496 ± 5.364 for females and 5.765 ± 4.617 for males (p<0.0001). Participants with a family history of depression had higher GAD-7 scores than those without such a history (8.83 versus 5.89; Cohen's d = 0.60; p<0.0001). After adjustment, family history of depression emerged as the strongest independent predictor of clinically significant anxiety (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.93; 95% confidence interval 1.98 to 4.33; p<0.0001), whereas female sex was no longer independently associated with the outcome. In conclusion, more than a quarter of adolescents in rural communities met the criteria for clinically significant anxiety; family history of depression was a stronger independent predictor than sex, nearly tripling the odds of a clinically significant GAD-7 score. These findings support incorporating family psychiatric history into early mental health screening in underserved rural populations.

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