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EV0120

Fibroblast growth factor 2 as a biomarker of anxiety: associations with attentional bias toward threat

FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 2 AS A BIOMARKER OF ANXIETY: ASSOCIATIONS WITH ATTENTIONAL BIAS TO THREAT

In healthy individuals, lower fibroblast growth factor 2 levels were associated with increased vigilance toward masked threat and avoidance of unmasked threat.

The aim was to examine whether fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), which plays a role in neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and hippocampus-dependent learning, is associated with attentional bias toward threat, a robust cognitive marker of anxiety in humans. In a sample of 115 healthy individuals (volunteers aged 16 to 35 years), FGF2 levels were measured in blood samples, and vigilance toward threat was assessed using the Faces Dot Probe Task (DPT), in which fearful faces served as visual cues; exclusion criteria included severe psychiatric or neurological disorders, recent use of medication affecting the central nervous system, hormonal contraceptive use, pregnancy and/or breastfeeding in women, and smoking more than 5 cigarettes per day. The analysis used drift diffusion modeling (DDM), which decomposes reaction time and accuracy data into computational parameters. Non-decision time (t0), reflecting stimulus encoding, orienting, and response preparation, was used as the primary index of attentional bias; attentional bias was calculated as threat-incongruent t0 minus threat-congruent t0, with positive values indicating vigilance toward threat and negative values indicating avoidance. Lower FGF2 was associated with greater vigilance toward masked threat (r = -0.24; p = 0.01; n = 114), but with greater avoidance of unmasked threat (r = 0.23; p = 0.01; n = 114). A mixed-effects model confirmed that the association between FGF2 and attentional bias differed by masking condition (FGF2 x masking: b = 0.0219; p < 0.001). This pattern indicates a masking-dependent shift at lower FGF2 levels, from vigilance toward masked faces to avoidance of unmasked faces. In conclusion, low FGF2 may be associated with altered attentional processing of threat, characterized by vigilance during automatic fear processing and avoidance during conscious fear processing; this supports the potential role of FGF2 as a biomarker of vulnerability to anxiety.

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